CRF is defined as an irreversible reduction in GFR. It is a gradual and progressive loss of the ability of the kidneys to excrete wastes, concentrate urine, and conserve electrolytes. So, kidney won’t be able to excrete the unused things in our body. CRF is a slowly progressive loss of renal function over a period of months or years and defined as an abnormally low glomerular filtration rate, which is usually determine indirectly by the creatinine level in blood serum.

What are the etiology?

Generally :
- Diabetes
- High blood pressure
- Obstructive nephropathy
- Kidney diseases
- Kidney (renal) artery stenosis
- Toxin

In children :
- congenital
- acquired
- inherited or metabolic renal disease
- and the underlying cause correlates closely with the age of the patient at the time when the CRF is first detected.

- < 5 years : most commonly as a result of congenital abnormalities such as renal hypoplasia, dysplasia, and/or obstructive uropathy.

- > 5 years : acquired diseases and inherited disorders predominate.

CRF related to metabolic disorders and certain inherited disorders may present throughout the childhood years.

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