Nootropics are low toxicity ‘smart drugs’ that boost brain activity and memory without affecting the nervous system
Some pharmaceuticals are called ’smart drugs’ because of their ability to enhance the brain’s function. Some smart drugs aren’t a drug at all, they’re nutrients. A more accurate description of chemicals that can boost brain performance is Nootropics (from the Greek, meaning ‘acting on the mind’).
Nootropics can enhance the brain’s natural function by helping it build additional neural connections. Neurones (brain cells) are connected to thousands of other neurones, which together form a huge neural net. The more connections you have the easier it is for one neurone to send information to another neurone, hence the better your brain works.
Citicoline in an important intermediate in the making of phospholipids in cell membranes, particularly phosphatidylcholine. When a citicoline supplement is taken by mouth, its two main components, cytidine and choline, are fully absorbed into the bloodstream. Once absorbed, citicoline is widely distributed throughout the body and is able to cross the blood-brain barrier and reaches the central nervous system (CNS), where it is incorporated into phospholipids.
Citicoline activates the biosynthesis of structural phospholipids of neuronal membranes, increases brain metabolism, and influences levels of different neurotransmitters. Citicoline has been shown to increase acetylcholine, norepinephrine and dopamine levels in the central nervous system.
Citicoline is produced from choline chloride and orotic acid by an enzymatic process. Freebase citicoline is the form marketed as a dietary supplement in the United States and as a drug in Japan. The sodium salt of citicoline, the form used in clinical trials, is sold as a drug in Europe.
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